A 3-D Ray Tracing Model for Macrocell Urban Environments and its Verification with Measurements

This paper presents verification results of an advanced 3-D ray tracing model in a macrocell urban environment The verification is based on wide-band double-directional channel measurements at a center frequency of 5.2 GHz and a bandwidth of 120 MHz. For the verification two site-specific measurement routes in the city center of Karlsruhe, Germany are used. Both, the wide-band and the directional prediction of the ray tracing are evaluated. For the verification of the directional prediction the maximum-likelihood channel parameter estimation framework RIMAX is applied to the measurement data. Results show a strong level of agreement of delay spread and azimuth spread.