Restoration in Sweden and Experience Gained from the Blackout of 1983

In Sweden the basic philosophy for system restoration after disturbances was worked out when hydro-power was still the main source of production. It gives a high degree of delegation to local personnel and reduces the need for intervention from the National Control Centre. Since 1970 nuclear power has taken over an increasing share of the total production. Nevertheless the same basic restoration principles are still applied today. In December 1983 the whole of southern Sweden was hit by a blackout. This provided a good test for the restoration procedures. On the whole restoration went well but some lessons were learned.