A summary of North American HVDC converter station reliability specifications

Reliability, availability, and maintainability (RAM) specifications that were issued for thyristor-based high-voltage DC (HVDC) converter stations in service in North America are summarized. Twenty project specifications are summarized. A detailed summary by project is shown with specific quantitative requirements categorized. Definitions of terms, representative design principles, and formulae used in calculating RAM parameters contained in existing reliability specifications are presented.<
>