Design of Multiband Miniature Handset Antenna by MoM and HGA

A novel design of miniature embedded antenna for mobile handset based on hierarchical genetic algorithms (HGA) with method of moments (MoM) is presented in this letter. The proposed antenna consists of a patterned patch and ground with shorting pins, the number, and locations of which are optimized by GA, with a total volume within 18 $,times,$ 43 $,times,$8 $ mm^3$ . It can provide wide bandwidth to cover operating bands for modern mobile communications, including global system for mobile communication (GSM), digital communication system (DCS), personal communication system (PCS), and universal mobile telecommunication system (UMTS) bands. The details of the design are discussed and the simulation results are compared with experiments.