Extension of a full-wave layered interconnect simulator (UA-FWLIS) to handle lossy interconnects

In this paper, we discuss the enhancement of a MoM-based full-wave layered interconnect simulator (UA-FWLIS) so that it can handle conductor losses. By introducing an effective surface current and a surface impedance, the losses on the interconnects can be easily included in UA-FWLIS by adding an extra term to the reaction elements. Thus, the approach for analytically calculating the integrals in the reaction matrix, which uses readily computable ILHIs and residue theory, is still valid and the efficiency of UA-FWLIS can be retained. Comparing the S-parameter results from UA-FWLIS with those from Agilent Momentum validates the accuracy of the enhanced UA-FWLIS.