A pragmatic approach to concurrent error detection in sequential circuits implemented using FPGAs with embedded memory

We present several low-cost concurrent error detection schemes for a sequential circuit implemented using FPGAs with embedded memory blocks. The experimental results show that for many of the examined circuits, a reasonable level of error detection can be obtained at the circuitry overhead of less than 10% - a level recommended by proponents of a "pragmatic" approach to on-line testing.