A 64-bit microprocessor in 130-nm and 90-nm technologies with power management features

The first two members in a family of 64-bit superscalar microprocessors are presented. The 130-nm processor, which was introduced first, offers 5-way instruction dispatch, support for 4-way integer and floating-point single-instruction multiple-data (SIMD) operations, a 512-kB second level (L2) cache, and a high-speed external bus. The 90-nm processor is a technology remap of the 130-nm design. It retains the features of the 130-nm processor and adds others, including a new power management facility. The architecture, device characteristics, power management, and thermal details of these two processors are described. In addition, the dataflow layout, aspects of the circuit design, clocking, and timing are discussed.