Analysis of Gunn integrated annular ring microstrip antenna

The analysis conducted on Gunn integrated annular ring microstrip antenna and evaluation of various parameters such as input impedance, voltage standing-wave radio voltage standing wave ratio (VSWR), return loss, bandwidth, radiation pattern, beamwidth, etc., as a function of bias voltage and threshold voltage reveals that the Gunn loaded patch offers wider tunability, better matching, enhanced radiated power as compared to the patch alone. Bandwidth of the Gunn loaded patch improves to 11.07% over the 7.9% bandwidth of the patch whereas the radiated power is enhanced by 3.7 dB as compared to the patch.