Investigation of the mutual coupling between apertures on doubly curved convex surfaces: theory and measurements

A hybrid method of high-frequency approximation (UTD) and method of moments is used to calculate the mutual coupling between circular apertures on a doubly curved surface. This requires that the geodesics on doubly curved surfaces be found. To represent the aperture fields, a single waveguide mode approximation is used. In order to verify the theoretical results, a general paraboloid of revolution with circular waveguide-fed apertures was built at Ericsson Microwave Systems AB, Molndal, Sweden. This has given a possibility to verify the theoretical model for a general doubly curved surface against measurements. To the authors' knowledge, no such verification is available in the literature. It was found that measured and theoretical results in terms of mutual coupling agree very well for copolar coupling. As expected, the mutual coupling results are very dependent on the polarization. In fact, the definition of polarization directions and the need for polarization control are important issues for doubly curved conformal array antennas.