Fractional-
Phase-Locked-Loop-Based Frequency Synthesis: A Tutorial
The fundamentals and state of the art in fractional-N phase-locked-loop (PLL)-based frequency synthesis are reviewed. Particular emphasis is placed on delta-sigma fractional-N PLLs and quantization noise and fractional spur suppression techniques for wide-bandwidth applications.
Published in:
Circuits and Systems II: Express Briefs, IEEE Transactions on
(Volume:56
,
Issue:
12
)
Date of Publication: Dec. 2009