Oscillator Stability and the Second-Order Phase-Locked Loop

The causes of short-term oscillator instability are discussed. The effects of the instability of the received signal on the phase-locked loop performance are analyzed in terms of resultant mean-squared loop phase error. The results of the analysis permit the calculation of the effects of oscillator instability in the transmitter on the loop bandwidth and power requirement. They also furnish a systematic approach to specifying the oscillator stability requirements.