Fade statistics in Nakagami-lognormal channels

New expressions for the average level crossing rate (LCR) and average time fade duration (AFD) of the signal envelope in microcellular mobile radio channels, characterized by Nakagami (1960) fading and lognormal shadowing, so called Nakagami-lognormal (NLN) channels, are derived. New LCR and AFD are computed, and the effects of the Nakagami m factor and shadowing spread /spl sigma//sub s/ on these fade statistics are discussed. The generality of the NLN model is demonstrated by matching some LCR curves with previously reported measurement for the land mobile satellite channel, commonly described as the Rice-lognormal channels.