A 1000 V resistor for AC-DC voltage transfer

The new design of a thin-film 100 k/spl Omega//1000 V resistor on a thick AlN substrate with very high heat conductance results in a small resistor temperature of less than 4 K increase above ambient. As all the Joule heat is conducted through the substrate to the outside heat sinks, the inside electrostatic shield as well as the outer cylinder remain at ambient temperature. This design reduces the voltage coefficient of the AC-DC voltage transfer standard for the step-up from 300 V to 1000 V and frequencies from 1 kHz to 100 kHz.