Time-Domain Finite Element Method Analysis of Frequency-Dependent Transmission Lines

This paper presents the finite element (FE) time-domain model for numerical solution of frequency-dependent transmission lines (TLs) problem. Based on the finite element method (FEM) and the generalized trapezoidal rule applied to frequency-dependent TL equations, a novel numerical procedure for a solution of a system of the telegraph equations in time domain is presented. The principles of the proposed method, for the sake of simplicity, have been shown to the case of two-conductor TL where frequency-dependent per-unit length TL parameters have been incorporated into the FE local system of equations by the direct convolution algorithm. The proposed numerical method has been tested and compared to the solutions available in the literature, and a good correlation has been demonstrated.