An improved time-domain traveling-wave model for vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers

The use of the time-dependent transfer matrix and wide-angle beam propagation method is proposed to improve the computational speed and accuracy of a recently developed time-domain traveling-wave model of vertical-cavity surface-emitting lasers. With suitable utilization of the transfer matrix, significant reduction of the total execution time of the traveling-wave model can be obtained. In addition, the use of the wide-angle beam propagation method can minimize the calculation error of the traveling-wave model due to the diffraction of light from the small aperture of the laser cavity.