Feedback Modeling Using Bilateral Two Ports

A technique is developed for representation of any arbitrary linear network as a feedback system. It is based on the fundamental feedback model introduced by Black for systems constituted by unilateral two-port networks. The application of the model is extended to circuits consisting of bilateral two-ports. The system's feedback loop gain for any of the four possible feedback configurations is expressed in terms of parameters of the constituent two-ports connected in cascade. An example is given to illustrate the benefits of the developed technique.