Modelling dynamic causal relationship in fuzzy cognitive maps

Most applications of Fuzzy Cognitive Maps (FCM) uses static causal links to connect different concepts. However, a causal impact may take effect immediately, or accumulate over a period of time. Consider two cognitive models with a same causal structure, state sets, decision functions and causal linkage strengths, if their causal links have different dynamics, they can have significantly different or even totally different hidden patterns. This paper proposes an easy to use model to represent the dynamics of causal relationships in fuzzy cognitive maps.