Detection in Passive MIMO Radar Networks

This paper addresses target detection in passive multiple-input multiple-output (MIMO) radar networks comprised of non-cooperative transmitters and multichannel receivers. A generalized likelihood ratio test is derived, and approximate test statistic distributions are presented for both hypotheses under common scenario conditions. Analysis and simulation results show that this detector outperforms other passive MIMO radar detectors because it exploits more correlations within the measurement data. This detector is also compared against related detectors for active MIMO radar and passive source localization sensor networks. These comparisons reveal that passive MIMO radar detection performance varies between active MIMO radar and passive source localization detection performance as a function of direct-path signal quality. Therefore, passive MIMO radar unifies active MIMO radar and passive source localization sensor networks in a common theoretical framework.