Rectangular waveguides in the fractional-order domain

This work introduces Maxwell's equations in their time domain fractional derivatives form. Some special cases of fractional order wave equations are shown. Studying the effect of fractional-order derivatives with respect to time on the generalized analysis and fundamentals of the rectangular waveguide is the main focus of this work. The effect of the fractional-order parameters on the waveguide properties is shown. Some of these properties are cutoff frequency and attenuation that are no longer fixed but controllable by the fractional parameters. Also, the intrinsic impedance is shown to be complex in value. The analysis of the conventional rectangular waveguide as a special case from the fractional-order study when the fractional-orders equal “1” is verified.