Enhancement of antenna's bandwidth with the size modification on Barium Strontium Titanate elements

A design of a 4×4 dielectric resonator (DR) microstrip patch array antenna with a 50 Ω microstrip transmission line feed is presented. The antenna was designed to operate at the Worldwide interoperability for Microwave Access (WiMAX) application. The proposed DR utilized a ceramic material, Barium Strontium Titanate (BST) in rectangular form, with high dielectric constant of 15. Simulations using CST Microwave Studio has been carried out in order to verify this design. Due to high permittivity values, BST elements on antenna had been tested as building blocks for miniaturized antenna solutions. Even when the geometry of the antenna is small, it was able to achieve large impedance bandwidth (for S
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< −10 dB) with the different dimension of each BST elements attached on antenna. Yet, the permittivity of the ceramic material also has a strong influence on the bandwidth of the antenna. The simulation results were in good agreement with the desired frequency band of 2.3–2.5 GHz.