Impact of diversity reception on fading channels with coded modulation. I. Coherent detection

We address the problem of designing and analyzing the performance of a coded modulation scheme for the fading channel when space diversity is used. Under fairly general conditions, a channel affected by fading can be turned into an additive white Gaussian noise (AWGN) channel by increasing the number of diversity branches. Consequently, it can be expected (and is indeed verified by our analyses and simulations) that a coded modulation scheme designed to be optimal for the AWGN channel also will perform asymptotically well on a fading channel with diversity. This paper presents bounds on the bit-error probability of a system with coded modulation and diversity for space- and time-correlated Rician flat fading. Specifically, we derive a new method which allows evaluation of the pairwise error probability extremely easily, as well as accurately and computationally fast. The accuracy achieved improves considerably on the widely used, but rather loose Chernoff bound. Starting from this analysis, we study the asymptotic behavior of the fading channel with diversity as the number of diversity branches increases, and we address the effects of diversity on coded modulation performance and design criteria, including the effect on interleaver depth (which affects the total delay of the system).