Open- and Closed-Loop Multiobjective Optimal Strategies for HIV Therapy Using NSGA-II

In this paper, multiobjective open- and closed-loop optimal treatment strategies for HIV/AIDS are presented. It is assumed that highly active antiretroviral therapy is available for treatment of HIV infection. Amount of drug usage and the quality of treatment are defined as two objectives of a biobjective optimization problem, and Nondominated Sorting Genetic Algorithm II is used to solve this problem. Open- and closed-loop control strategies are used to produce optimal control inputs, and the Pareto frontiers obtained from these two strategies are compared. Pareto frontier, resulted from the optimization process, suggests a set of treatment strategies, which all are optimal from a perspective, and can be used in different medical and economic conditions. Robustness of closed-loop system in the presence of measurement noises is analyzed, assuming various levels of noise.