Analysis to the Effectiveness of Observation Based on QR Decomposition

In order to diagnose the II Ill-conditioning of the parameter estimation system in the modern surveying and mapping data processing, the effectiveness of observation is analyzed using observation structure. Through the QR decomposition of observation matrix, we transfer the analysis of the observation structure into the analysis of R matrix, then we propose a relative-volume method to analysize the effectiveness of observation, the geometric meaning of which is plain. Examples show this method can accurately measure the II Ill-conditioning of parameter estimation system and is a new method for quantitative diagnosis of II Ill-conditioning.