A precise four-quadrant multiplier with subnanosecond response

Reprinted from the IEEE Journal of Solid-State Circuits, Vol. 3, No. 4 (1968), pp. 365-373. Among the most signficant presentations in the 50-year history of the ISSCC, Barrie Gilbert's classic paper has become the fifth most frequently cited JSSC article and the first to be cited over 100 times. His brilliant insight was in recognizing that the dependability of a bipolar transistor's nonlinearity can be exploited to realize exceptionally linear systems.