Hysteresis Modeling in An Electro-Magnetic Transients Program

This paper describes an algorithm for representing the transformer hysteresis. This algorithm is useful under transient conditions and has the capability of representing minor loops. It allows the multi-valued hysteresis behavior to be represented as a linear element at each instant of time. This algorithm has been implemented into the BPA Electro-Magnetic Transients Program (EMTP), which is widely used on numerous different computers.