European view of automated VHF/UHF radio systems—Marine spectrum usage alternatives and trends

The current situation for VHF/UHF marine communications in Europe is outlined, and the expectations for increased automation of that service are presented within the framework of the historical and regional factors which have shaped the current system. The degree of automation now employed, types and number of channels available, and services provided, are described for the different regions of Europe, and in specific instances, compared to U.S. practices. Estimates are given for the additional radio spectrum required to support automated service through the turn of the century. The radio bands which offer the best prospects for support of this growth are discussed in terms of their relative availability and advantages for the marine user.