Study of human head effects on UWB antenna

This paper studies the effects of the human head on an ultra wideband (UWB) antenna on a PCB. To investigate the effects, a numerical model of average dielectric constant and conductivity over the UWB range is used to approximate the human head. The performance of the UWB antenna is compared in free space and on the human head in terms of the impedance match, gain, and radiation patterns. The study has shown that the presence of the head has significant effects on the impedance and radiation performance of the UWB antenna.