Triple-band miniaturized fractal planar inverted-F antenna for a small mobile terminal

A novel triple-band microstrip patch antenna with a Koch pre-fractal edge and a U-slot is proposed for use in the GSM 1800, UMTS and HiperLAN2 bands. A remarkable miniaturization is archived making use of a fractal patch inverted-F antenna (PIFA) structure: a patch of 0.17/spl lambda/ has been designed. The multiband behaviour has been obtained by broadening the lower frequency resonance of the fractal patch to cover GSM 1800 and UMTS, and inserting a U-slot dimensioned for the HiperLAN2 band. The effect of small ground plane has been taken into account. The results confirm that the antenna meets the requirements of multi-standard mobile terminal application.