Radiation and scattering from Koch fractal antennas

The electromagnetic characteristics of a Koch fractal antenna as an element and as an array are extensively examined. The method of moments is used to analyze the antenna structure. The characteristics of the Koch fractal monopole antenna on portable radio equipment are investigated. The use of the Koch fractal monopole can reduce the length of the antenna, decrease the current flowing along the body of the handset and improve the impedance matching to the feed line of the antenna. A Koch fractal antenna is presented for generating circularly polarized radiation pattern. The scattering properties of the Koch fractal elements are calculated. The backscattering wave from one element and an array is investigated.