Real time complete model estimation for contingency study: field experience

The authors describe field experience with external network modeling for real-time contingency analysis. Contingency simulations using an unreduced external modeling approach were conducted in a real-time environment. The response of the external network model to outages of major 345 kV lines was compared to data obtained by measurement. The real-time contingency test results obtained by using the latest state-estimation-based external network modeling approach are superior to those obtained by the previously used load-flow-based approach.<
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