Microwave underground propagation and detection

The detection of buried targets has been a problem of significant interest for decades, with microwave-based sensing constituting an important tool. In this paper, we review the basic issues that characterize microwave-based subsurface sensing. Issues considered include the use of microwaves in the context of an airborne synthetic aperture radar, as well for radars deployed close to the air-soil interface. Rough-surface induced clutter is also discussed. Particular examples are presented for detection of land mines and unexploded ordnance.