Impact of Vehicle-to-Grid Technology on the Reliability of Distribution Systems

Electric vehicles (EVs) are expected to play an important role in the future in the operation and planning of power system. This is due to the increased utilization of EVs and the increased demand of more reliable and efficient power supply. The purpose of this paper is to analyse the behaviour of a distribution system, in terms of the reliability, with the integration of electric vehicles (EVs) in vehicle-to-grid (V2G) mode. The reliability indices are calculated before the integration of EVs at certain failures during one year. Then, a proposed model is used to estimate the available energy in the EVs during 24 hours which can be used to supply power back to the grid in emergency conditions such as failures or outages. At the end, a comparison between the two cases is made to evaluate the effectiveness of V2G technology on the overall reliability of the distribution system. The results have shown apparent enhancement in the reliability indices of the distribution system.