Microstrip folded ring resonator for glucose measurement

Most of the people are having disease called, Diabetes. According to the World Health Organization (WHO), number of diabetes patients is likely to rise to 101 million in India by 2030 and will become the world's 7th largest killer. Hence we have to utilize technology to eradicate this disease. Measuring glucose level in a diabetic patient on a regular basis and administering insulin are the keys to keep patient safe and device is used for measuring the level of blood glucose, is called Glucometer. Nowadays, glucose level can be determined by two techniques, invasive and non-invasive, also defined as in-vivo and in-vitro respectively. Microwave resonator antenna is used in this project for non-invasive technique as a new approach towards blood glucose measurement. In this work, low profile microstrip antennas for glucometer application are proposed. As the dielectric constant of the material used as a substrate placed above antenna changes, resonant characteristic of antenna varies and shift in the frequency is observed. The proposed microstrip antenna resonators are designed using Advanced Design System 2011.05 for an operating frequency as low as 1 GHz. The operating frequency of antenna must be low, as the low frequency microwave signal penetrate deep into tissues and have potential for practical application because of low physical area, low cost and better frequency resolution. Further, a high frequency resolution i.e. for a small change in glucose concentration leads to considerable shift in operating frequency, is achieved. The proposed Microstrip antennas are designed and tested by using aqueous glucose substrate. This is advancement towards developing microstrip sensor for non-invasive glucometer application.