Security and safety risk analysis of vision guided autonomous vehicles

Vision guided autonomous vehicles, such as autonomous ground vehicles (AGV) and unmanned aerial vehicles (UAV), as well as various generations of self-diving cars are gaining popularity. These pose safety threats when operating close to humans - both in every day life, and in industrial environments. Some of these devices are already operate as cyber-physical systems, hence both their security and safety issues must be tackled. Before analyzing the safety and security risks related to visual guided autonomous vehicles, their main operating principles are surveyed in this paper, in order to support deeper understanding of the possible threats. The security and safety analysis are applied to all four layers of Internet of Things (IoT) architectures. These include sensors and actuators; communication; data processing, and the applications layer. Our study is carried out by using the method and proforma for Threat, Vulnerability, Risk Analysis (TVRA) by ETSI.