Energy-efficient microcell base station power control in heterogeneous cellular network

Heterogeneous cellular networks (HetNets) can meet the rapid growth of mobile services demand. However, the dense deployment of small cell base stations (BSs) inevitably triggers a tremendous escalation of energy consumption. In this paper, we investigate the energy efficiency of the two-tier HetNets. The minimum achievable throughput of the whole HetNet is obtained, and then the closed-form energy efficiency expression is derived. Finally, we analysis the impact of BS transmit power on energy efficiency and propose an energy efficiency optimization algorithm to find the optimal micro BS transmit power which can maximize energy efficiency. Simulation results validate the accuracy of the theoretical analysis and demonstrate the effectiveness of the proposed energy efficiency optimization scheme.