From sensors to sensor networks: A journey of innovation

The ability to characterize the states of systems and their dynamics has fascinated scientists for centuries. This led to the development of devices called sensors that are able to monitor diverse physical, chemical and biological characteristics. Improvements in computational technologies and signal processing further facilitated the analysis of large amounts of sensing data in details and enabled more accurate characterization of systems of interest. This coupled with progresses in electronics allowed the integration of multiples sensors on the same platform to obtain more accurate information about the system under test. The sensors on these platforms are arranged in an array pattern such as RADAR systems, for improved resolution and range, or in a distributed pattern to provide a larger angular characterization. The advances in wired and wireless communication technologies facilitated the applicability of sensors over larger geographical areas leading to sensor networks. This paper reviews the innovative journey from sensors to sensor networks within the power networks and addresses possible improvements.