Analysis of transmitting and receiving active integrated antennas by using harmonic balance technique

In this paper, the harmonic balance technique (HBT) is used to analyze an oscillating active antenna with Gunn diode. Powell optimization method is applied to solve the harmonic balance equations and obtain the oscillating frequency and voltages. In addition, the HBT and Powell optimization are applied for analysis of the receiving active antenna integrated with Schottky diode. The harmonic voltages corresponding to the local excitation and the conversion loss are given.