TSC measurements on electrophotographic toner layers with charge control agent

The tribocharge of toners is a major factor in the electrophotographic process, and CCAs (charge control agents) are used for toners to improve their tribocharging characteristics. However the tribocharging mechanism of toners with CCA has not sufficiently been clarified yet. We have been measuring thermally stimulated currents (TSC) on toner layers to study the tribocharging characteristics of polymers containing CCA. This paper describes the results of TSC measurements on a resin, CCA and resins containing CCA, and discusses charge trapping sites in resins with CCA.