A game-based learning system to disseminate kanban concept in engineering context: A case study from risk-based inspection project

Engineering activities (e.g. design, analysis, and assessment) are characterized as knowledge works, which have intangible output/input and processes, as well as invisible work-in-process (WIP). Due to its invisibility, WIP in engineering projects has not received adequate attention, which hinders engineering companies from capturing the challenges associated with WIP management and optimization. The kanban concept has been proven to enable the management and optimization of WIP in the manufacturing industry. This concept has not been prominent in engineering type of activities and projects, due to the belief that it is applicable only to repetitive and physical production. This manuscript proposes the utilization of game-based learning to disseminate the importance of managing and optimizing WIP by applying the kanban concept in engineering projects. A game is developed to serve this purpose. A project related to risk-based inspection (RBI) is selected as the case study for developing the game.