A Novel Pricing Mechanism to Optimally Schedule the Charging Demands with User Utilities

As an emerging solution to mitigate the problems of the shortage of power resources, electric vehicles (EVs) have advocated to provide safety and convenient driving recently. However, with the ever increasing number of EVs and the new demand of services, how to optimally schedule the charging services becomes a challenge. Therefore, in this paper we present a novel pricing mechanism to optimally schedule the charging demands with user utilities. Firstly, a framework with a nonpreemptive priority charging service is shown for users to queue up. Secondly, based on queuing theory, a novel pricing mechanism is designed to balance the load of charging station by considering the characteristics of different regions and the status of queue. Thirdly, the user utility is studied according to the distance, waiting time as well as the expense, in order to improve the user utility. Finally, simulation results show that the proposed scheme can optimally distribute the charging demand and improve the user utility more efficiently than other conventional methods.