Efficient energy management technique for WSNs

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) consist of small, inexpensive sensors that communicate among each other using number of elected sensors known as cluster heads. These cluster heads collect data from neighbours, process it, then transmit it to the network base station (sink). Each WSN sensor has limited processing power, limited memory, radio transceiver with an internal or external antenna, and limited battery. Due to the limitation of sensor power source, energy conservation is considered a prominent issue in WSN. In this paper, a proposed energy conservation method is presented to extend the WSN lifetime. The proposed method is based on enhancing the selection of sensor nodes that act as clusters heads (CH) during the network lifetime. Moreover, data transmission rate between sensors and clusters heads is controlled for best possible energy conservation. Extensive simulations show that the proposed method improves energy conservation compared to LEACH and H-LEACH with an average of 35% and 14% respectively. In addition, energy consumption is balanced among network sensors which extends the network lifetime.