Minimize energy consumption in wireless sensor network using hierarchical protocols

Wireless Sensor Networks (WSNs) is a network containing a set of autonomous nodes that are randomly distributed in a region of interest. The role of each node is the periodic transmission of results to the sink. Improving the energy efficiency and maximizing the networking lifetime are the major challenges in this kind of networks. To deal with this, the hierarchical protocols (Cluster based-approach, chain based-approach) have been developed in order to reduce the network traffic toward the sink and therefore prolong the network lifetime. In this paper we will concentrate to the protocol LEACH (Low Energy Adaptive Clustering Hierarchy Protocol) in order to propose a new method of selection of cluster head. Our method is to conserve energy consumption when transmitting data to the Base Station (BS). We evaluated the performance of the LEACH protocol with our proposed method using Matlab as a simulation tool.