A novel Q tuning method, using variable output conductance of transconductors

In this paper, the effects of Transconductors' phase shifts on the Q factor of a second order system are discussed and it is shown that this negative phase shift appears as negative conductance in an integrator and amount of this conductance can be achieved in a general filter. A new Q tuning method based on compensation of this phase shift by variable output conductance of Transconductors is applied and simulated results are shown.