Doppler estimation based on constructing the guide function of the objective function

This paper proposes a Doppler estimation algorithm for underwater acoustic communication by constructing the guide function of the objective function based on linear frequency modulation (LFM) signal. The algorithm employs the least square principle and the particle swarm method, to build the objective function and solves the global optimal solution, respectively. Computer simulations show that the proposed algorithm reaches theoretical performance bound, i.e. Cramer-Rao Lower Bound (CRLB) under a low SNR. The results also reveal that the proposed algorithm can achieve a better performance when compared with other algorithms.