Antenna-source integrated ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulses radiating device

In 1901 Marconi tested the propagation property of electromagnetic fields using the folded monopole antenna, which was 150 ft in height, 200 ft in width, and excited at the tip of the monopole by the shorting of a spark gap. In the study of ultra-wideband electromagnetic pulse technology, we noted that with some improvements, the prototype method Marconi used has significant advantages over the popular source-antenna-separated microwave launching system, especially for producing and launching Ultra-WideBand (UWB), high power level, and impulsive electromagnetic fields. As the power level increases and risetime decreases, the transmission line approximation turns out to be unsuitable for analyzing the field distribution of UWB systems with baluns and transmission lines, owing to the transit time dispersion, skin and dielectric losses, and electrical breakdown effects. Therefore, the introduction of baluns and transmission lines into high power level UWB systems will degrade the system performance, and make the theoretical analysis of the loss mechanism extremely difficult. By integrating the source and antenna directly, one can reduce the loss significantly and design a compact, simple, and robust device that can be used to produce and radiate UWB pulses simultaneously. This paper presents the design and experimental study of the so-called "source-antenna-integrated" device, including the theoretical analysis and numerical simulation of the conical antenna.