Efficient networking system for rural human health care

In this paper, a health care system is described for rural areas considering a small village using hybrid network i.e. which operates both in ADHOC and cellular region. In this system, a small village is considered in which sensors are attached to people, the whole area is divided into clusters. The sensors considered for this system can operate in both ADHOC and GSM region. In each cluster, a sensor is fixed as cluster head (CH) and continuous energy is supplied to it ensuring that it will be active all the time. All the sensors connected to the patients will work in ADHOC region and one sensor operates in GSM network acting as a gateway between all the CH's and the base station (BS). The information about the patient's condition will be sent to BS through gateway sensor only if there is an emergency. Even in case of gateway sensor failure any other sensor in the village which is able to communicate with all sensors can act as gateway by switching its operation to cellular network. The data is sent to BS using reactive ADHOC routing protocols. By simulation it has been shown that this system is good in terms of energy efficiency and throughput compared to a system in which the CH changes periodically.