Ultrasound flow mapping of 3D turbulent liquid metal flows

Conductive fluids, e.g. metallic melts, can be driven by magnetic fields, which is a branch of magnetohydrodynamics (MHD). MHD can be used for driving a melt flow during the crystal growth of photovoltaic silicon in order to improve the mass and heat transfer in the melt for better structural and electrical properties of the silicon crystals. However, the optimal application of MHD requires a good understanding of the flow, which is generally complex and unsteady during crystal growth. Substantial knowledge about the flow is usually gained through numerical simulations and MHD model experiments at room temperature. For model experiments, a comprehensive flow mapping of complex and unsteady flow phenomena is required.