Simulation of the Ramsey cavity response

Ceramic Sealing Window (CSW) and Frequency Tuning Rod (FTR) are two important components of the Ramsey cavity. Here, a complete electromagnetic model of the Ramsey cavity is built with Finite-element tool HFSS, and the effects of CSW and FTR on the cavity response are simulated and analyzed in detail. To achieve high coupling efficiency, the estimated parameter ranges of CSW and FTR are investigated. The results obtained here offer a helpful guide for Ramsey cavity design in Cs and Rb beam clocks.