Breathing dissipative solitons in microresonators

Dissipative Kerr-cavity temporal Solitons (DKS) are self-localized light pulses that can be excited in coherently-driven nonlinear optical resonators, enabling compact, coherent optical Kerr Frequency Combs (KFC) generation, which have numerous potential applications. Numerical studies based on the Lugiato-Lefever Equation (LLE) predicted that DKS can undergo breathing, i.e. periodic variations in their duration and amplitude, resulting from a Hopf bifurcation. It was first demonstrated in fiber cavities and recently in microresonators. Here, we address a variety of open questions regarding breathing conditions, dynamics, and properties, in two distinct microresonator platforms: crystalhne MgF
₂
WGMR and photonic-chip Si
₃
N
₄
microring.