Ultrafast control of deeply subwavelength periodic gratings in resonant medium by few-cycle pulses

Generation of ultrashort pulses of few-cycle or even subcycle duration made it possible to observe previously inaccessible ultrafast processes in matter [1]. On the other hand, ultrashort pulses can coherently interact with a resonant medium since their duration can be much smaller than the medium relaxation times T
1
and T
2
.